Several African countries are named after influential individuals, often leaders or historical figures who played significant roles in their nations’ histories.
While many nations choose names that capture their landscapes or ideals, a few bear the legacy of remarkable individuals whose lives continue to resonate on the continent. Below are five African countries named after people who once walked the earth as put together by The Guardian:
1 Seychelles
Originally called Mahé in honour of Mahé de la Bourdonnais, the Seychelles later adopted the name Isle de Séchelles in memory of Viscount Jean Moreau de Séchelles, Finance Minister under Louis XV. The French connection remains evident today, with Seychelles carrying both its French heritage and its unique island identity.
2 São Tomé and Príncipe
The Central African country owes its name to two important figures. Discovered on Saint Thomas’s feast day, São Tomé honours the Christian saint, while Príncipe pays homage to Prince Afonso of Portugal, a royal favourite. Together, they reflect the country’s connection to both faith and monarchy.
3 Eswatini/ Swaziland
Known as Swaziland until recently, Eswatini honours King Mswati II, regarded as one of its most powerful rulers. Leading from 1840 to 1868, he expanded Eswatini’s borders to double their current size, leaving a legacy of courage and resilience that remains central to the nation’s identity.
4 Mauritius
In 1598, Dutch explorers reached the island, naming it “Mauritius” after Prince Maurice of Nassau, the Dutch Governor. Guided by Admiral Wybrand Van Warwyck, the expedition set Mauritius on the map with a name that symbolises Dutch influence and reverence for their royal leaders.
5 Mozambique
Mozambique’s name can be traced to Mussa Bin Bique, a respected Arab trader and religious leader, referred to by several versions of his name, including Mussa Al Big and Mussa Ibn Malik. His influence and the name Mozambique are reminders of the country’s early trade links with the Islamic world.
